Take 2

This time, we'll use math to get the precise angle that the magnetic field forms with the X and Y axes of the magnetometer.

We'll use the atan2 function. This function returns an angle in the -PI to PI range. The graphic below shows how this angle is measured:

Although not explicitly shown in this graph the X axis points to the right and the Y axis points up.

Here's the starter code. theta, in radians, has already been computed. You need to pick which LED to turn on based on the value of theta.

#![deny(unsafe_code)]
#![no_main]
#![no_std]

use cortex_m_rt::entry;
use panic_rtt_target as _;
use rtt_target::{rprintln, rtt_init_print};

mod calibration;
use crate::calibration::calc_calibration;
use crate::calibration::calibrated_measurement;

mod led;
use crate::led::Direction;
use crate::led::direction_to_led;

// You'll find this useful ;-)
use core::f32::consts::PI;
use libm::atan2f;

use microbit::{display::blocking::Display, hal::Timer};

#[cfg(feature = "v1")]
use microbit::{hal::twi, pac::twi0::frequency::FREQUENCY_A};

#[cfg(feature = "v2")]
use microbit::{hal::twim, pac::twim0::frequency::FREQUENCY_A};

use lsm303agr::{AccelOutputDataRate, Lsm303agr, MagOutputDataRate};

#[entry]
fn main() -> ! {
    rtt_init_print!();
    let board = microbit::Board::take().unwrap();

    #[cfg(feature = "v1")]
    let i2c = { twi::Twi::new(board.TWI0, board.i2c.into(), FREQUENCY_A::K100) };

    #[cfg(feature = "v2")]
    let i2c = { twim::Twim::new(board.TWIM0, board.i2c_internal.into(), FREQUENCY_A::K100) };

    let mut timer = Timer::new(board.TIMER0);
    let mut display = Display::new(board.display_pins);

    let mut sensor = Lsm303agr::new_with_i2c(i2c);
    sensor.init().unwrap();
    sensor.set_mag_odr(MagOutputDataRate::Hz10).unwrap();
    sensor.set_accel_odr(AccelOutputDataRate::Hz10).unwrap();
    let mut sensor = sensor.into_mag_continuous().ok().unwrap();

    let calibration = calc_calibration(&mut sensor, &mut display, &mut timer);
    rprintln!("Calibration: {:?}", calibration);
    rprintln!("Calibration done, entering busy loop");
    loop {
        while !sensor.mag_status().unwrap().xyz_new_data {}
        let mut data = sensor.mag_data().unwrap();
        data = calibrated_measurement(data, &calibration);

        // use libm's atan2f since this isn't in core yet
        let theta = atan2f(data.y as f32, data.x as f32);

        // Figure out the direction based on theta
        let dir = Direction::NorthEast;

        display.show(&mut timer, direction_to_led(dir), 100);
    }
}

Suggestions/tips:

• A whole circle rotation equals 360 degrees.
• PI radians is equivalent to 180 degrees.
• If theta was zero, which direction are you pointing at?
• If theta was, instead, very close to zero, which direction are you pointing at?
• If theta kept increasing, at what value would you change the direction