LEDs, again
In the last section, I gave you initialized (configured) peripherals (I initialized them in
aux7::init
). That's why just writing to BSRR
was enough to control the LEDs. But, peripherals
are not initialized right after the microcontroller boots.
In this section, you'll have more fun with registers. I won't do any initialization and you'll have
to initialize and configure GPIOE
pins as digital outputs pins so that you'll be able to drive LEDs
again.
This is the starter code.
#![deny(unsafe_code)] #![no_main] #![no_std] use aux8::entry; #[entry] fn main() -> ! { let (gpioe, rcc) = aux8::init(); // TODO initialize GPIOE // Turn on all the LEDs in the compass gpioe.odr.write(|w| { w.odr8().set_bit(); w.odr9().set_bit(); w.odr10().set_bit(); w.odr11().set_bit(); w.odr12().set_bit(); w.odr13().set_bit(); w.odr14().set_bit(); w.odr15().set_bit() }); aux8::bkpt(); loop {} }
If you run the starter code, you'll see that nothing happens this time. Furthermore, if you print
the GPIOE
register block, you'll see that every register reads as zero even after the
gpioe.odr.write
statement was executed!
$ cargo run
Breakpoint 1, main () at src/08-leds-again/src/main.rs:9
9 let (gpioe, rcc) = aux8::init();
(gdb) continue
Continuing.
Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.
0x08000f3c in __bkpt ()
(gdb) finish
Run till exit from #0 0x08000f3c in __bkpt ()
main () at src/08-leds-again/src/main.rs:25
25 aux8::bkpt();
(gdb) p/x *gpioe
$1 = stm32f30x::gpioc::RegisterBlock {
moder: stm32f30x::gpioc::MODER {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
otyper: stm32f30x::gpioc::OTYPER {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
ospeedr: stm32f30x::gpioc::OSPEEDR {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
pupdr: stm32f30x::gpioc::PUPDR {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
idr: stm32f30x::gpioc::IDR {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
odr: stm32f30x::gpioc::ODR {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
bsrr: stm32f30x::gpioc::BSRR {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
lckr: stm32f30x::gpioc::LCKR {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
afrl: stm32f30x::gpioc::AFRL {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
afrh: stm32f30x::gpioc::AFRH {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
},
brr: stm32f30x::gpioc::BRR {
register: vcell::VolatileCell<u32> {
value: core::cell::UnsafeCell<u32> {
value: 0x0
}
}
}
}